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Legislation Tracker

Citizens are driving a national legislative movement against weather modification. Three states have enacted bans, a federal bill is on the table, and lawmakers in 30+ states have introduced legislation — all since April 2024. This page tracks every bill we know about.

3

States enacted bans

9

Bills pending

10

Bills failed / died

22

Total states with bills

Enacted Bans

These states have signed weather modification bans into law. Citizens in these states can report violations through official channels.

Tennessee

Enacted

SB 2691 / HB 2063 · Enacted — April 2024

2024

Penalty

Class C misdemeanor, up to $10,000/day

First state in the nation to ban geoengineering. Prohibits the intentional injection, release, or dispersal of chemicals into the atmosphere to affect temperature, weather, or sunlight intensity. Signed by Governor Bill Lee.

Source: Tennessee Legislature — SB 2691

Florida

Enacted

SB 56 · Enacted — June 2025

2025

Penalty

Third-degree felony — up to 5 years in prison, $100,000 fine

First state to criminalize weather modification as a felony. Prohibits weather modification and climate engineering. Requires airports to report suspected activity. Establishes a public complaint system. Passed 82-28 in the House. Governor DeSantis signed it calling it protection from chemical experimentation.

Source: Florida Senate — SB 56

Louisiana

Enacted

Act No. 95 · Enacted — August 2025

2025

Penalty

Up to $200,000 per violation

Bans weather modification and requires reporting of suspected operations. Louisiana DEQ established a public reporting portal. Over 400 citizen reports were filed in the first months after enactment.

Source: Louisiana DEQ — Act No. 95 Reporting Portal

Penalty Comparison

StateClassificationMax FinePrison Time
TennesseeMisdemeanor$10,000/dayNone
FloridaFelony$100,000Up to 5 years
LouisianaCivil penalty$200,000/violationNone

The trend is toward harsher penalties. Tennessee started with misdemeanor classification in 2024. By 2025, Florida made it a felony with prison time.

Federal Action

Clear Skies Act

Federal Bill

H.R. 4403 · 119th Congress · Introduced July 15, 2025

Penalty: Up to $100,000 fine and 5 years imprisonment

Would ban all weather modification and geoengineering at the federal level. Repeals any existing federal authority permitting it. Creates a public reporting system through EPA. Sponsored by Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene with 3 cosponsors. Currently referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.

Congressional Hearing

September 2025

"Playing God with the Weather — A Disastrous Forecast"

House Subcommittee hearing with three expert witnesses under sworn testimony. Dr. Pielke testified that weather modification has been practiced for 70 years without knowing if it works. Meteorologist Marks raised safety concerns about silver iodide. EPA Administrator Zeldin announced a shift to "total transparency." Bipartisan agreement that citizens deserve answers.

Full hearing summary →

GAO Oversight Report

February 2026

GAO-26-108013 — "Weather Modification: NOAA Should Strengthen Oversight"

The government's own auditor found that NOAA's oversight is broken: 78% of filed reports contain errors, 4 of 10 states had unreported activities, reporting forms haven't changed since 1974, and NOAA has never issued a single fine in 50+ years of authority. This report is fuel for every pending state bill.

Read the GAO report →

Pending & Active Bills

These bills are currently in state legislatures. Contact your representatives to show support.

Pennsylvania

Pending

SB 508 · In committee

2025

Penalty

Felony — minimum $500,000 fine, 2 years imprisonment

Clean Air Preservation Act. Bans cloud seeding and solar radiation modification. State Police and sheriffs issue cease-and-desist orders. Air National Guard assists investigations. The strongest proposed penalties of any state bill.

Source: Pennsylvania Legislature — SB 508

Rhode Island

Pending

HB 5217 · In committee

2025

Penalty

Minimum $500,000 fine, up to 2 years per violation

Bans geoengineering and weather modification including stratospheric aerosol injection and cloud seeding. Enforced by Department of Environmental Management. Attorney General pursues violators.

Iowa

Advancing

Senate File (2026) · Advancing — subcommittee approved

2026

Senate subcommittee advanced a bill in January 2026 that would criminalize acts attempting to alter the weather. One of the most active bills in the current session.

Source: Iowa Capital Dispatch

North Carolina

Pending

HB 362 · Referred to Rules Committee

2025

Clean Skies Geoengineering Ban. Prohibits atmospheric modification including stratospheric aerosol injection and cloud seeding. Environmental Management Commission develops enforcement rules.

Source: NC Legislative Reporting Service

New Jersey

Pending

SB 4161 · Under consideration

2025

Penalty

$10,000 first offense, $25,000 second, $50,000 subsequent (each day separate)

Bans release of hazardous chemicals for geoengineering, cloud seeding, and aerosol injection. DEP enforces and must issue regulations within 18 months. Escalating penalty structure.

Texas

Pending

SB 1154 · Awaiting action

2025

Prohibits governmental entities from engaging in geoengineering or weather modification. Exempts private institutions and emergency activities. Would repeal provisions allowing public weather modification contracts. Notable because Texas currently runs 5 active cloud seeding programs covering one-sixth of the state.

Vermont

Pending

HB 217 · In committee

2025

Penalty

Felony — up to $50,000 fine, 2 years per day of violation

Clean Air Preservation Act. Bans geoengineering and polluting atmospheric interventions including cloud seeding and solar radiation modification.

Oklahoma

Pending

SB 430 · In committee

2025

Prohibits intentional injection, release, or dispersion of chemicals, chemical compounds, substances, or apparatus in the state for weather modification purposes.

New Hampshire

Pending

HB 1618 · Introduced — 2026 session

2026

Bans solar radiation management, geoengineering, weather modification, and atmospheric pollution. Reintroduced after a 2025 proposal died in committee.

Failed & Rejected Bills

These bills didn't pass — but they show the breadth of the movement. Montana came within 6 votes. Many of these states are expected to reintroduce bills in upcoming sessions.

Montana

Failed
2025

SB 473 · Would have banned stratospheric aerosol injection and solar radiation management while permitting cloud seeding for water resources. Passed the Senate in March 2025 but was killed on the House floor April 10, 2025 by a vote of 45-55.

Closest any failed bill has come to enactment.

Arizona

Failed
2025

SRM Ban (2025) · Passed the state Senate — a major legislative milestone — but did not advance past the House.

Kentucky

Died in Committee
2024

HB 506 · Proposed ban on geoengineering activities. Republican sponsors expressed concern about environmental impacts but the bill did not advance.

Minnesota

Died in Committee
2024

SF 4630 · Proposed geoengineering ban that did not advance past committee review.

Illinois

Died in Committee
2025

2025 proposal · Proposal rejected following review by scientific and environmental councils.

Mississippi

Died in Committee
2025

2025 proposal · Proposal rejected following committee review.

North Dakota

Died in Committee
2025

2025 proposal · Proposal rejected following committee review. North Dakota currently operates one of the longest-running cloud seeding programs in the nation.

South Dakota

Died in Committee
2025

2025 proposal · Proposal rejected following committee review.

Utah

Died in Committee
2025

2025 proposal · Proposal rejected following committee review. Utah operates an active state cloud seeding program.

Wyoming

Died in Committee
2025

2025 proposal · 2025 proposal rejected. A 2026 draft (26LSO-0208) is being prepared for the next session.

Timeline

Key moments in the national legislative movement against weather modification.

April 2024

Tennessee becomes the first state to ban geoengineering (SB 2691)

January 2025

Rhode Island introduces HB 5217 with $500K penalties

February 2025

Texas introduces SB 1154; New Jersey introduces SB 4161

March 2025

Montana SB 473 passes Senate; NC, PA, and VT introduce bills

April 2025

Florida SB 56 passes both chambers (82-28 House vote). Montana SB 473 killed in House (45-55)

June 2025

Governor DeSantis signs Florida SB 56 into law — first state felony

July 2025

Clear Skies Act (H.R. 4403) introduced in Congress — federal ban

August 2025

Louisiana Act No. 95 takes effect. 400+ citizen reports filed

September 2025

Congressional hearing: "Playing God with the Weather." EPA Administrator Zeldin shifts to transparency

February 2026

GAO report reveals NOAA oversight is broken — 78% error rate, zero fines ever issued

January 2026

Iowa Senate subcommittee advances geoengineering ban

Your State Not Listed?

Not every state has introduced a bill yet. If your state isn't listed above, that's an opportunity. Contact your state representative and point them to Tennessee, Florida, and Louisiana as models. The Get Involved page has step-by-step guidance.

Ready to take action?

Support legal efforts, contact your representatives, and help bring transparency to your state.