Who's Behind It

Every known weather modification and geoengineering operator, profiled. Founders, investors, funding amounts, and how they connect to each other. All claims sourced from public records.

Operators & Startups

Stardust Solutions

Stratospheric Aerosol Injection

The most funded geoengineering startup in existence ($75M). Founded by three former Israeli nuclear establishment scientists. Developing proprietary secret particles for stratospheric aerosol injection. Aims to sell to governments at 'more than a billion dollars a year.'

Founded: 2023HQ: Outside Tel Aviv, Israel / Palo Alto, CA$75M (more than double any other geoengineering operator — raised in under 3 years) raised

Advisory board includes former Mossad Director, CIA Director, MI5 Director General

Seed investor partnered with Israeli Ministry of Defense (MAFAT), Unit 8200, IDF Chief of Staff

All three founders from Israel's nuclear weapons program — zero atmospheric science credentials

10 documented red flags — secret particles, hidden lobbying, ignored governance recommendations

View full profile →

Rainmaker

Cloud Seeding

Peter Thiel-backed drone-based cloud seeding startup. Operates in Utah, Colorado, Texas, and California. $31M+ raised. Actively lobbying against state bans.

Founded: 2023HQ: El Segundo, California$31M+ raised

1 key people2 funding rounds3 connections

View full profile →

Weather Modification International

Cloud Seeding

World's largest private aerial cloud seeding company. 35+ aircraft fleet operating in 35+ countries. Based in Fargo, North Dakota. Founded 1961.

Founded: 1961HQ: Fargo, North Dakota

2 key people2 connections

View full profile →

Make Sunsets

Stratospheric Aerosol Injection

The only known private SAI deployer in the U.S. Releases sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere via weather balloons and sells 'cooling credits.' $1.2M raised from the Draper VC dynasty.

Founded: 2022HQ: United States$1.2M raised

2 key people1 funding rounds2 connections

View full profile →

Reflect Orbital

Space Mirrors

Space startup developing a constellation of satellite mirrors. Dual-use: directing sunlight to Earth at night for solar energy, OR reflecting sunlight away for geoengineering. $28-35M raised. Backed by Sequoia and Lux Capital.

Founded: 2021HQ: Los Angeles, California$35M raised

2 key people1 funding rounds

View full profile →

North American Weather Consultants

Cloud Seeding

Cloud seeding operator based in Sandy, Utah. One of the longest-running weather modification firms in the U.S.

Founded: 1950sHQ: Sandy, Utah

View full profile →

Idaho Power Company

Cloud Seeding

Utility company operating a $4M/year cloud seeding program to increase snowpack for hydroelectric power generation.

Founded: 1916HQ: Boise, Idaho

View full profile →

Planetary Technologies

Ocean / CDR Geoengineering

Canadian company commercializing ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE). Plans to dump 450 tonnes of magnesium hydroxide into St Ives Bay, Cornwall, UK. Sells carbon credits based on unproven ocean carbon capture.

Founded: 2019HQ: Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada

Plans to dump 450 tonnes of magnesium hydroxide into UK waters

Sells carbon credits for unverified ocean carbon capture

View full profile →

Ebb Carbon

Ocean / CDR Geoengineering

OAE startup testing a 100-tonne system at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Sequim, WA. Developing technology to remove CO2 by manipulating ocean chemistry. Plans larger commercial facility.

Founded: 2021HQ: San Francisco, California

Testing at federal lab (PNNL) in Washington state

View full profile →

Equatic

Ocean / CDR Geoengineering

Spun out of UCLA research. Testing OAE technology in Los Angeles and Singapore. Uses electrolysis of seawater to remove and store CO2 while producing green hydrogen.

Founded: 2023HQ: Los Angeles, California

View full profile →

Running Tide

Ocean / CDR Geoengineering

SHUT DOWN June 2024. Portland, Maine company that raised $54M+ (led by Sacca's Lowercarbon Capital) to dump thousands of tons of Canadian wood chips coated in limestone into the North Atlantic off Iceland. Microsoft removed their credits for failing verification. Scientists departed over ecological concerns.

Founded: 2017HQ: Portland, Maine (disbanded)

SHUT DOWN June 2024 — verification failures, scientist departures

Funded by Sacca's Lowercarbon Capital ($54M+)

Dumped Canadian wood chips into ocean off Iceland, sold as 'carbon credits'

View full profile →

Follow the Money

The investors and organizations that fund geoengineering across multiple companies and levels (research, lobbying, deployment).

Lowercarbon Capital

Funding / Investment

Chris Sacca's $2.4 billion climate investment fund. The single most connected entity in geoengineering: funds the research (Harvard SGRP), lobbies for policy (SilverLining), AND invests in deployment companies (Stardust Solutions lead, Rainmaker). Occupies every seat from science to profit.

6 connections to other geoengineering entities

View full profile →

Bill Gates / FICER / Breakthrough Energy

Funding / Investment

Bill Gates has personally funded geoengineering research with $8.5M+ since 2007 through FICER (Fund for Innovative Climate and Energy Research), managed by David Keith and Ken Caldeira. Gates also founded Breakthrough Energy, which employs Ken Caldeira as Senior Scientist. Gates funds the research ecosystem that the for-profit geoengineering startups build on.

6 connections to other geoengineering entities

View full profile →

The Degrees Initiative

Research & Advocacy

UK-based NGO that claims to put the Global South 'at the centre' of SRM research. Geoengineering Monitor exposed it as 'Global Southwashing' — staff and decision-makers are dominated by the Global North, and 26 of 28 funded papers focus exclusively on SAI.

2 connections to other geoengineering entities

View full profile →

All information sourced from public records: news reporting, SEC filings, company websites, government databases, and investigative journalism. Every claim on individual profile pages is linked to its source. We present documented facts — not accusations.